Cisco Express Forwarding (CEF) switching is also now commonly used by the IPv6 and other tunneling protocols. Loopback 1, and on behalf of traffic to be protected by crypto. CTunnels allow IP packets to be tunneled through the Connectionless Network Protocol (CLNP) to preserve TCP/IP services. Although available satellite link bandwidths are increasing, the long RTT and high error rates experienced by IP protocols over satellite links are producing a high bandwidth-delay product (BDP). This problem can be solved by tunneling AppleTalk through a foreign protocol, such as IP. On your router, configure network address translation from the Incapsula Protected IP to your current server IP. (Optional) Reports dropped RBSCP packets to SCTP. In fact, the packets going through the tunnel will still be traveling across Router A, B, and C, but they must also travel to Router D before coming back to Router C. If routing is not carefully configured, the tunnel may have a recursive routing problem. In this example the configuration shapes the tunnel interface to an overall output rate of 500kbps. Note This command is supported only on GRE tunnel interfaces. 4. tunnel source {ip-address | interface-type interface-number}, Router(config-if)# tunnel mode ipv6ip auto-tunnel. To check that the local endpoint is configured and working, use the ping command on Router A. Table5 Determining the Tunnel CLI by the Transport Protocol, ctunnel (with optional mode gre keywords). The tunnel destination is automatically determined by the IPv4 address in the low-order 32 bits of IPv4-compatible IPv6 addresses. Encapsulation is the process of adding headers to data at each layer of a particular protocol stack. Applying the crypto profile set to a transport instructs the router Transport protocolThe protocol used to carry the encapsulated protocol. With an IPv4-compatible tunnel, the tunnel destination is automatically determined by the IPv4 address in the low-order 32 bits of IPv4-compatible IPv6 addresses. endobj RBSCP tunnels can be configured for any of the following features: Time DelayOne of the RBSCP routers can be configured to hold frames due for transmission through the RBSCP tunnel. For configuration details about IPv4 and IPv6 as passenger protocols with GRE/IPv6, see the "Configuring GRE/IPv6 Tunnels" section. They must have at least one transform set in common. Note The interface number must be unique for each CTunnel interface. Specifies an IPv6 overlay tunnel using an ISATAP address. Perform this task to verify that the traffic is being transmitted through the RBSCP tunnel and across the satellite link. GRE tunnels can be configured to run over an IPv6 network layer and to transport IPv6 packets in IPv6 tunnels and IPv4 packets in IPv6 tunnels. To configure a CTunnel between a single pair of routers, a tunnel interface must be configured with an IP address, and a tunnel destination must be defined. The primary use is for stable connections that require regular secure communication between two edge routers or between an end system and an edge router, or for connection to remote IPv6 networks. As shown in Table4, an ISATAP address consists of an IPv6 prefix and the ISATAP interface identifier. There are three necessary steps in configuring a tunnel interface: Specify the tunnel interface interface tunnel-ipsecidentifier. Keepalive packets can be configured to be sent over IP-encapsulated GRE tunnels. It can The following example configures a manual IPv6 tunnel between RouterA and RouterB. Figure2 IP Tunneling Terminology and Concepts. If your network is live, ensure that you understand the potential impact of any command. This module describes the various types of tunneling techniques available using Cisco IOS software. This task describes how to configure an ISATAP overlay tunnel. part of the profile that is applied to the Tunnel-IPSec. Enters interface configuration mode for the specified interface. Create a "child" or lower-level policy that configures a queueing mechanism, such as low latency queueing with the priority command and class-based weighted fair queueing (CBWFQ) with the bandwidth command. . For more details about configuring L2F, see the Cisco IOS Dial Technologies Configuration Guide, Release 12.4. apply a crypto profile to each tunnel interface through which IPSec traffic Long RTT keeps TCP in a slow start mode, which increases the time before the satellite link bandwidth is fully used. A VRF table stores routing data for each VPN. Note Overlay tunnels reduce the maximum transmission unit (MTU) of an interface by 20 octets (assuming that the basic IPv4 packet header does not contain optional fields). (C4X>^# `lx For the purposes of this documentation set, bias-free is defined as language that does not imply discrimination based on age, disability, gender, racial identity, ethnic identity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and intersectionality. The header must contain a data field that indicates the type of data encapsulated at the layer immediately above the current layer. Router(config-if)# ctunnel destination 192.168.30.1. tunnel bandwidth {receive | transmit} bandwidth, Router(config-if)# tunnel bandwidth transmit 1000. Fast switching of generic routing encapsulation (GRE) tunnels was introduced in CiscoIOS Release11.1. Use Table2 to help you determine which type of tunnel you want to configure to carry IPv6 packets over an IPv4 network. The 32 bits following the initial 2002::/16 prefix correspond to an IPv4 address assigned to the tunnel source. DLSw+ is a means of transporting SNA and NetBIOS traffic over a campus or WAN. An FA is a router on a foreign network that assists the MN in informing its HA of its current care-of address. If you suspect user group assignment is preventing you from using a command, contact R2 (config)# interface Tunnel 1 R2 (config-if)# ip address 50.50.50.2 255.255.255. Exceptions may be present in the documentation due to language that is hardcoded in the user interfaces of the product software, language used based on RFP documentation, or language that is used by a referenced third-party product. Specifies the tunnel source IP address or Configuring the Phase 1 on the Cisco Router R2 R2#configure terminal Enter configuration commands, one per line. configuration changes to the running configuration file and remain within the user group associated with a task group that includes the proper task IDs for Tunnel-IPSec interfaces: Setting Global Lifetimes for IPSec Security Your Cisco IOS software release may not support all of the features documented in this module. No new or modified MIBs are supported, and support for existing MIBs has not been modified. 3 0 obj Ethernet interface0 is configured with a global IPv6 address and an IPv4 address (the interface supports both the IPv6 and IPv4 protocol stacks). tunnel path-mtu-discovery [age-timer {aging-mins | infinite}], Router(config-if)# tunnel path-mtu-discovery. 1 0 obj Remember to configure the router at each end of the tunnel. VPNs extend remote access to users over a shared infrastructure while maintaining the same security and management policies as a private network. Not required. Specifies the protocol to be used in the tunnel. %PDF-1.6 The tunnel destination is determined by the IPv4 address of the border router extracted from the IPv6 address that starts with the prefix 2002::/16, where the format is 2002:border-router-IPv4-address::/48. RFC2784 also covers the use of GRE with IPv4 as the transport protocol and the passenger protocol. ASA(config)# tunnel-group 2.2.2.2 type ipsec-l2l ASA(config)# tunnel-group 2.2.2.2 ipsec-attributes ASA(config)# ikev1 pre-shared-key {psk} Apply the crypto map to your outside interface. This section contains the following example: This example shows the process of creating and Cisco IOS IPv6 currently supports the following types of overlay tunneling mechanisms: Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP). Note This is a routing parameter only; it does not affect the physical interface. Cisco IOS software supports GRE as the carrier protocol with many combinations of passenger and transport protocols such as: GRE over an IPv4 network (GRE/IPv4)GRE is the carrier protocol, and IPv4 is the transport protocol. If you have implemented IPv6 tunnels, you may want to proceed to one of the following modules: If you have configured an automatic 6to4 tunnel, you can design your IPv6 network around the /48 6to4 prefix that you have created from your IPv4 address. Using a form of tunneling encapsulation, PPPoE allows each host to use its own PPP stack, thus presenting the user with a familiar user interface. A VRF table stores routing data for each VPN. Dynamic (Hub Side) Multipoint Generic Routing Encapsulation (mGRE) Tunnels: The next type of GRE configuration uses mGRE at the hub site (R1 in this case) and normal point-to-point GRE configuration at the spokes. The reason that a 6to4 tunnel and an IPv4-compatible tunnel cannot share the same interface is that both of them are NBMA "point-to-multipoint" access links and only the tunnel source can be used to reorder the packets from a multiplexed packet stream into a single packet stream for an incoming interface. Router(config-if)# ip address 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0. Cisco IOS software supports IPv4 and IPv6 as passenger protocols with GRE/IPv6. Configuring Cisco IOS and Windows 2000 Clients for L2TP Using Microsoft IAS. To configure a CTunnel between a single pair of routers, a tunnel interface must be configured with an IP address, and a tunnel destination must be defined. IPv6 traffic can be carried over IPv4 generic routing encapsulation (GRE) tunnels using the standard GRE tunneling technique that is designed to provide the services necessary to implement any standard point-to-point encapsulation scheme. For the purposes of this documentation set, bias-free is defined as language that does not imply discrimination based on age, disability, gender, racial identity, ethnic identity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and intersectionality. separate tunnel for each link. GRE tunneling of IPv4 and IPv6 packets through CLNS networks enables Cisco CLNS tunnels (CTunnels) to interoperate with networking equipment from other vendors. For more details on other types of virtual interfaces, see the "Configuring Virtual Interfaces" module. Optional steps can be performed to customize the tunnel. endobj Table2 Suggested Usage of Tunnel Types to Carry IPv6 Packets over an IPv4 Network. Note The tunnel source and destination IP addresses must be defined on two separate devices. EXEC mode. Let's see if both routers can reach each other: Branch#ping 192.168.13.1 Type escape sequence to abort. destination {ip-address | Examples of this numerical ID are Loopback 0, Previously, Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) IP tunnels required the IP tunnel destination to be in the global routing table. View with Adobe Reader on a variety of devices, If you have configured an automatic 6to4 tunnel, you can design your, "Feature Information for Implementing Tunnels" section, Configuring Serial Tunnel and Block Serial Tunnel", Configuring Security for VPNs with IPSec", Cisco IOS Dial Technologies Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS IP Multicast Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS IP Mobility Configuration Guide, "GRE/IPv4 Tunnel Support for IPv6 Traffic" section, "GRE/CLNS Tunnel Support for IPv4 and IPv6 Packets" section, "Configuring QoS Options on Tunnel Interfaces: Examples" section, "Configuring GRE/CLNS CTunnels to Carry IPv4 and IPv6 Packets" section, "Configuring Manual IPv6 Tunnels" section, "Configuring IPv4-Compatible IPv6 Tunnels" section, Cisco IOS Interface and Hardware Component Command Reference, "Verifying Tunnel Configuration and Operation" section, "Implementing Basic Connectivity for IPv6", "Configuring Basic Connectivity for IPv6", "Verifying RBSCP Tunnel Configuration and Operation" section, "Regulating Packet Flow Using Traffic Shaping", "Modular Quality of Service Command-Line Interface", Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide, Cisco IOS IP Addressing Services Command Reference, Cisco IOS IP Application Services Command Reference, Cisco IOS IP Routing Protocols Command Reference, "Configuring Multiprotocol Label Switching", Cisco IOS Switching Services Configuration Guide. Note Table7 lists only the CiscoIOS software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given CiscoIOS software release train. Configuring GRE Tunnel IP Source and Destination VRFMembership. A customer premises equipment (CPE) device encapsulates the PPP session based on this RFC for transport across the ADSL loop and the digital subscriber line access multiplexer (DSLAM). These steps may be repeated at the other endpoint of the tunnel. Table4 shows the layout of an ISATAP address. 2. show interfaces tunnel number [accounting]. displays what was advertised and shows the routes for static and autoroute. tunnel-ipsec, tunnel Assuming a generic example suitable for both IPv6 manually configured tunnels and IPv6 over IPv4 GRE tunnels, two routers are configured to be endpoints of a tunnel. Table6 shows how to determine the appropriate keyword to use with the tunnel mode command. Note The GRE tunnel keepalive feature should not be configured on a VRF tunnel. 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