Name: Johann Pachelbel Bith Date: September 1, 1653 Death Date: March 3, 1706 Place of Birth: Nuremberg, Germany Nationality: German Gender: Male Occupations: composer, organist The German composer and organist Johann Pachelbel (1653-1706) helped to introduce the south German organ style into central and north Germany. Johann Pachelbel Create. (It was difficult to use because of meantone temperament. Almost all pieces designated as preludes resemble Pachelbel's toccatas closely, since they too feature virtuosic passagework in one or both hands over sustained notes. He wrote a considerable number cantatas for the Lutheran church, hymn settings, and chamber sonatas for . 3 March 1706 (aged 52) Johann Pachelbel (1653-1706) was an acclaimed Baroque composer, organist, and teacher who brought the south German organ tradition to its peak. Fortunately for us today, he also left the Pachelbel Canon that will continue to delight listeners for generations. Jump to: Overview (2) | Trivia (2) Overview (2) Born: September 1, 1653 in Nuremberg, Holy Roman Empire [now Germany] Died: March 3, 1706 in Nuremberg, Holy Roman Empire [now Germany] Trivia (2) Direct influence on composer Johann Sebastian Bach. Pachelbel's fugal writing is, without exceptions, very plain: the episodes are usually based on non-thematic material and rather short compared to the later model (of which JS Bach's works are now considered the prime example), and neither stretto nor the usual contrapuntal devices such as diminution or inversion are employed in any fugue. The three pieces mentioned all end with a Finale movement. Pachelbel only spent one year in Eisenach before his patron's brother diedduring the period of mourning court musicians were greatly curtailed[3] and Pachelbel was left without employment. [4] The texts are taken from the psalms, except in Nun danket alle Gott which uses a short passage from the Ecclesiastes. 4 has eight repeated notes, octavi toni No. Pachelbel saw in the chorale preludes and fugues a way of imparting certain universal values of spiritual well-being and moral precepts by using compositional techniques to uplift and reform one's spirit. About. He composed a large body of sacred and secular music, and his contributions to the development of the chorale prelude and fugue have earned him a place among the most . The lower voices anticipate the shape of the second phrase of the chorale in an imitative fashion (notice the distinctive pattern of two repeated notes). Through his . During his stay in Altdorf, Pachelbel not only studied but also served as organist of one of the churches. [8] The piece begins with one melody in the ground basstypically performed by a cello and a harpsichord or organ. Scarecrow Press, Lanham, MD. Each suite of Musikalische Ergtzung begins with an introductory Sonata or Sonatina in one movement. The German composer and organist Johann Pachelbel (1653-1706) helped to introduce the south German organ style into central and north Germany. Pachelbel remained in Erfurt for 12 years and established his reputation as one of the leading German organ composers of the time during his stay. He lived for fifty-two years only; but within that span, he was able to elevate the south German organ tradition to its highest level. Before Fame. After him are Pierre Bayle, Peter II of Portugal, 6th Dalai Lama, Andreas Werckmeister, Bernhard I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen, Arsenije III arnojevi, Ferdinand de Marsin, Rahman Baba, John Evelyn, Fyodor Alexeyevich Golovin, and Georg Joseph Kamel. T numbering as given in Tsukamoto, Hideo. During this period Johann Christoph Bach studied with him for 3 years. The models Pachelbel used most frequently are the three-part cantus firmus setting, the chorale fugue and, most importantly, a model he invented which combined the two types. He was also the first major composer to pair a fugue with a preludial movement (a toccata or a prelude) - this technique was adopted by later composers and was extensively used by JS Bach. Miscellaneous information. Although Pachelbel was mostly influenced by Italian and southern German composers, he apparently was acquainted with the northern German school, because Hexachordum Apollinis was dedicated to Dieterich Buxtehude. Pachelbel accepted the invitation; Gotha authorities released him in 1695 and he arrived in Nuremberg sometime during summer, his road expenses paid by the Nuremberg city council. Pachelbel married Judith Drommer (Trummert), daughter of a coppersmith,[2] on August 24, 1684. Died: Nurnberg , Nurnberg. Several renowned cosmopolitan composers worked there, most of them contributing to the exchange of musical traditions in Europe. Pachelbel frequently used repercussion subjects of different kinds, with note repetition sometimes extended to span a whole measure (like in the subject of a G minor fugue, see illustration). Several catalogues are used, by Antoine Bouchard (POP numbers, organ works only), Jean M. Perreault (P numbers, currently the most complete catalogue; organized alphabetically), Hideo Tsukamoto (T numbers, L for lost works; organized thematically) and Kathryn Jane Welter (PC numbers). Since 2007, the English Wikipedia page of Johann Pachelbel has received more than 1,506,586 page views. After highschool, Johann attended the University of Altdorf in June of 1669. He is the son of Johann Pachelbel (born in 1613 in Wunsiedel), wine merchant, and his second wife, Anna Maria Mair. As a music theorist, he is credited as one of the inventors of the circle of fifths Frequently some form of note repetition is used to emphasize a rhythmic (rather than melodic) contour. Johann Pachelbel was a German composer, organist, and teacher who brought the south German organ schools to their peak. During his three-year stay in Gotha, Pachelbel received at least two job invitations, one from Stuttgart and one from Oxford, England, but declined both. In 1677 Pachelbel became court organist at Eisenach, where he met the local branch of the Bach family, in particular Johann Ambrosius Bach, who was one of the municipal musicians. As Baroque style went out of fashion during the eighteenth century, the majority of Baroque and pre-Baroque composers were virtually forgotten. Pachelbel also became friends with the Bach family. Two of Pachelbel's sons were important musicians: William Hieronymous at Erfurt and Nuremberg, and Carl Theodore at Stuttgart and Charleston, S.C. Pachelbel was one of the composers of the movement leading to the adoption of equal temperament, making use of as many as 17 different keys in his suites. Johann Pachelbel Johann Pachelbel (baptised 1 September 1653 - buried 9 March 1706; also Bachelbel) was a German composer, organist, and teacher who brought the south German organ schools to their peak. He composed a large body of sacred and secular music, and his contributions to the development of the chorale prelude and fugue have earned him a place among the most important composers of the middle Baroque era.Pachelbel's music enjoyed enormous popularity during his lifetime; he had many pupils and his music became a model for the composers of south and central Germany. Johann Pachelbel was born on September 1, 1653 in Nuremberg, Germany. One of the last middle Baroque composers, Pachelbel did not have any considerable influence on most of the famous late Baroque composers such as George Frideric Handel, Domenico Scarlatti or Georg Philipp Telemann. Johann also showed such impressive academic abilities that he was . This Biography consists of approximately 2pages of information about the life of Johann Pachelbel. Musical composer, Johann Hans Pachelbel, was born in Nuremberg, Germany in 1653. Pachelbel wrote more than a hundred fugues on free themes. After him are Eleanor of Austria, Queen of Poland, Prince George of Denmark, Claudia Felicitas of Austria, Andr-Hercule de Fleury, Claude Louis Hector de Villars, Georg Muffat, Chikamatsu Monzaemon, Maria Amalia of Courland, Frederick Louis, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Beck, and Caspar van Wittel. In 1669, while at the University of Altdorf, he was organist in the church of St. Lorenz. Today, Pachelbel is best-known for his Canon in D major . The following year, at the gymnasium at Regensburg, and during his employment at St. Stephan's, Vienna, after 1672, he became familiar with the south German musical tradition of J. K. Kerll. He is also considered to be one of the middle Baroque era's most important composers as a result of his contributions to the fugue and chorale prelude's development. The position was an improvement, but unfortunately, he only spent two years in Stuttgart before he was forced to flee before a French invasion. When was Pachelbel born and died? Pachelbel was the last great composer of the Nuremberg tradition and the last important southern German composer. Finally, Jesus Christus, unser Heiland der von uns is a typical bicinium chorale with one of the hands playing the unadorned chorale while the other provides constant fast-paced accompaniment written mostly in 16th notes. Key the principal key of the work. In 1673 Pachelbel moved to Vienna, where he became a deputy organist at the famous Saint Stephen Cathedral (Stephansdom). Although a few two- and four-voice works are present, most employ three voices (sometimes expanding to four-voice polyphony for a bar or two). Before him are Oswald Spengler (1880), Valry Giscard d'Estaing (1926), Erich Hartmann (1922), Max Ernst (1891), Magda Goebbels (1901), and Rudolf Christoph Eucken (1846). His father was a wine dealer named Johann (Hans) Pachelbel, and his mother was Anna Maria Mair. Yes! All user-contributed text on this page is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. Biography. The German composer, organist and teacher composed both secular and sacred music. Johann also showed such impressive academic abilities that he was allowed to attend various non-music classes at Nurnberg's . Johann Pachelbel (1653 - March 3, 1706) was a German Baroque composer and organist best remembered for his Canon in D, which is often heard at weddings. Johann Pachelbel was born in 1653 in Nuremberg into a middle-class family, son of Johann (Hans) Pachelbel (* 1613 in Wunsiedel, Germany), a wine dealer, [ 5] and his second wife Anna (Anne) Maria Mair. With the exception of the three double fugues (primi toni No. He contributed to Protestant church music, especially to music for the keyboard. He was formally released on August 15, 1690, receiving a testimonial in which his "diligence and faithfulness" were praised. They are characterized by consistent use of pedal point: for the most part, Pachelbel's toccatas consist of relatively fast passagework in both hands over sustained pedal notes. Nationality: German. Pachelbel's Canon uses a musical formthe canonthat is similar to that of the French folk song "Frre Jacques" though more complicated in design. There are 21 dance suites, apparently composed around 1683, usually attributed to Pachelbel, although this attribution is questionable for all but three suites. Johann Pachelbel, German composer, organist and teacher Chorales and chorale preludes constitute almost half of Pachelbel's surviving organ output, in part because of his Erfurt job duties which required him to compose chorale preludes on a regular basis. The suites do not adhere to a fixed structure: the allemande is only present in two suites, the gigues in four, two suites end with a chaconne, and the fourth suite contains two arias. Born: 1-Sep-1653 Birthplace: Nuremberg, Germany Died: 3-Mar-1706 Location of death: Nuremberg, Germany . After him are Anton Webern, Josquin des Prez, Jules Massenet, Dieterich Buxtehude, Gabriel Faur, and Franz Lehr. Pachelbel wrote numerous chorales using this model (Auf meinen lieben Gott, Ach wie elend ist unsre Zeit, Wenn mein Stndlein vorhanden ist, etc. 6 has twelve. The school authorities at Regensburg, impressed by Pachelbel's academic qualifications and his advanced standing in music, permitted him to study music outside the gymnasium. Interestingly, the gigue that originally accompanied the canon never received the same amount of popularity, even though it is a lively energetic dance. Most of this music is harmonically simple and make little use of complex polyphony (indeed, the polyphonic passages frequently feature reduction of parts). Numerous musical adaptations and arrangements of the canon for diverse ensembles exist and the main theme (or the associated harmonic sequence) is frequently adapted by pop music artists, similarly to the opening of Bach's Toccata and Fugue in D minor, BWV 565. Scrodatura only involves the tonic, dominant and sometimes the subdominant notes. Biography Johann Pachelbel was born in Germany in 1653 to Johann (Hans) Pachelbel & Anna (Anne) Maria Mair. Through his close connections to the Bach family, his style influenced and enriched that of Johann Sebastian Bach. Although the prolific organist-composer Pachelbel wrote many brilliant liturgical works, as well as lucid and uncomplicated toccatas, preludes, ricercare, fantasias, fugues, and ciaconnas (chaconnes), and a work of sheer genius -- the Hexachordum Apollinis (1699) -- it is only one of his most admired works, the Canon in D Major (actually a passacaglia with 28 variations), that has been . Short biography introducing you to composer Johann Pachelbel.=====Amazon Associates=====YAHAMA P-. A piece of chamber music scored for three violins and basso continuo (and originally paired with a gigue in the same key), it experienced a tremendous surge in popularity during the 1970s, which made the Canon in D a universally recognized cultural item, one of the most famous classical compositions ever. Read Full Biography. In 1690 Pachelbel accepted employment at the court at Stuttgart, which he fled in 1692 because of the French invasion. The musical education of Johann Pachelbel began in his childhood. The pieces are French influenced and indicate Pachelbel may have studied Froberger's keyboard suites. Both Wecker and Schwemmer were trained by Johann Erasmus Kindermann, one of the founders of the Nuremberg musical tradition, himself a pupil of Johann Staden. Pachelbel's work enjoyed massive popularity during his lifetime; he had a large number of pupils and his music became a model for the composers of south and central Germany. In pairs of preludes and fugues Pachelbel aimed to separate homophonic, improvisatory texture of the prelude from the strict counterpoint of the fugue. The famous Canon in D belongs to this genre, as it was originally scored for three violins and a basso continuo, and paired with a gigue in the same key. Among people born in Germany, Johann Pachelbel ranks 177 out of 6,142. Johann Pachelbel (1653-1706) was an acclaimed Baroque composer, organist, and teacher who brought the south German organ tradition to its peak. Baroque composer and organist known for "Canon in D" and for his contributions to the south German organ tradition. It is Pachelbel's best-known composition and one of the most widely performed pieces of Baroque music. Among composers, Johann Pachelbel ranks 72 out of 1,216. The German composer and organist Johann Pachelbel (1653-1706) helped to introduce the south German organ style into central and north Germany. These pieces, along with Georg Bhm's works, may or may not have influenced Johann Sebastian Bach's early organ partitas. Both are gentle free-flowing pieces featuring intricate passages in both hands with many accidentals, close to similar pieces by Girolamo Frescobaldi or Giovanni de Macque. In 1681 Pachelbel married Barbara Gabler, and by 1683 was a father. The exact date of Johann's birth is unknown, but he was baptized on 1 September. Pachelbel's use of repercussion subjects and extensive repeated note passages may be regarded as another characteristic feature of his organ writing. AKA Johann Christoph Pachelbel. Johann Pachelbel - New World Encyclopedia, . Johann Pachelbel was a German organist and one of the most important composers of the Baroque era due to his contributions to the chorale prelude and fugue. The musical education of Johann Pachelbel began in his childhood. Biography. See full bio Born: The dance movements of the suites show traces of Italian (in the gigues of suites 2 and 6) and German (allemande appears in suites 1 and 2) influence, but the majority of the movements are clearly influenced by the French style. What nationality was Pachelbel? Pachelbel died on March 3, 1706, aged 52. Johann Pachelbel Biography. Before him is Arcangelo Corelli. At the time, scordatura tuning was used to produce special effects and execute tricky passages. Much of his work was published in the early twentieth century in the Denkmler der Tonkunst in sterreich series, but it was not until the rise of interest in early and Baroque music in the middle of the twentieth century and the advent of historically-informed performance practice and associated research that Pachelbel's works began to be studied extensively and performed more frequently. He lived for fifty-two years only; but within that span, he was able to elevate the south German organ tradition to its highest level. However, most of the preludes are much shorter than the toccatas: the A minor prelude (pictured below) only has 9 bars, the G major piece has 10. Due to his life being so long ago, there are limited records of his personality however what is known is that Johann Pachelbel was a hardworking, popular and loved man who greatly prioritized family. Today, Pachelbel is best known for the Canon in D; other well known works include the Chaconne in F minor, the Toccata in E minor for organ, and the Hexachordum Apollinis, a set of keyboard variations.He was influenced by southern German composers, such as Johann Jakob Froberger and Johann Caspar Kerll, Italians such as Girolamo Frescobaldi and Alessandro Poglietti, French composers, and the composers of the Nuremberg tradition. 0. Later that year tragedy struck his family as a plague swept through Erfurt. The other four sonatas are reminiscent of French overtures. He composed a large body of sacred and secular music, and his contributions to the development of the chorale prelude and fugue . One important feature found in Gott ist unser Zuversicht and Nun danket alle Gott is that their endings are four-part chorale settings reminiscent of Pachelbel's organ chorale model: the chorale, presented in long note values, is sung by the sopranos, while the six lower parts accompany with passages in shorter note values: The arias, aside from the two 1679 works discussed above, are usually scored for solo voice accompanied by several instruments; most were written for occasions such as weddings, birthdays, funerals and baptisms. Unfortunately, he was forced to leave the university after less than a year because of financial difficulties. German Johann Pachelbel/Nationality He is particularly noteworthy for a style of chorale prelude of which he seems to have been the chief protagonist. He soon began to tutor Johann Ambrosius' children, including Johann Christoph and Johann Sebastian Bach. An interesting technique employed in many of the pieces is an occasional resort to style bris for a few bars, both during episodes and in codas. The singing of the Magnificat at Vespers was usually accompanied by the organist, and earlier composers provided examples of Magnificat settings for organ, based on themes from the chant. Viewed as a one-work composer, Pachelbel was an important figure, central in the development of keyboard and Protestant church music. The D major, D minor and F minor chaconnes are among Pachelbel's most well-known organ pieces, and the latter is often cited as his best organ work. To cite this article click here for a list of acceptable citing formats.The history of earlier contributions by wikipedians is accessible to researchers here: The history of this article since it was imported to New World Encyclopedia: Note: Some restrictions may apply to use of individual images which are separately licensed. Furthermore, no other Baroque composer used pedal point with such consistency in toccatas. Pachelbel's chaconnes are distinctly south German in style; the duple meter C major chaconne (possibly at early work) is reminiscent of Kerll's D minor passacaglia. In 1681 Pachelbel married Barbara Gabler, and by 1683 was a father. Pachelbel was also a prolific vocal music composer: around a hundred works survive, including some 40 large-scale works. The German composer and organist Johann Pachelbel (1653-1706) helped to introduce the south German organ style into central and north Germany. Johann Pachelbel was born in 1653 in Nuremberg into a middle-class family, son of Johann (Hans) Pachelbel (born 1613 in Wunsiedel, Germany), a wine dealer, [7] and his second wife Anna (Anne) Maria Mair. . It is dedicated to composers Ferdinand Tobias Richter (a friend from the Vienna years) and Dieterich Buxtehude. Listen to Canon in D Major, Canon In D and more from Johann Pachelbel. They have two Adagio sections which juxtapose slower and faster rhythms: the first section uses patterns of dotted quarter and eighth notes in a non-imitative manner. It is the only canon he wrote, and is somewhat unrepresentative of the rest of his oeuvre. By signing in, you agree to our Terms and Conditions Johann Pachelbel detail biography, family, facts and date of birth. Citation:The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. In some respects, Pachelbel is similar to Haydn, who too served as professional musician of the Stephansdom in his youth and as such was exposed to music of the leading composers of the time. Pachelbel's large-scale vocal works are mostly written in modern style influenced by Italian Catholic music, with only a few non-concerted pieces and old plainchant cantus firmus techniques employed very infrequently. Johann Pachelbel was 53 years old at his death on March 3, 1706. The Magnificat settings, most composed during Pachelbel's late Nuremberg years, are influenced by the Italian-Viennese style and distinguish themselves from their antecedents by treating the canticle in a variety of ways and stepping away from text-dependent composition. Johann Pachelbel was born on the 1st of September, 1653. ISBN links support NWE through referral fees, 16531673: Early youth and education (Nuremberg, Altdorf, Regensburg), 16731690: Career (Vienna, Eisenach, Erfurt), 16901706: Final years (Stuttgart, Gotha, Nuremberg), Posthumous influence and the rise of popularity of the Canon in D, Wendy Thompson and Basil Smallman, "Pachelbel, Johann", Ewald V. Nolte and John Butt, "Johann Pachelbel,", The most extraordinary example of note repetition, however, is not found in Pachelbel's fugues but in his first setting of the, Translation from: Peter Wollny, liner notes to CD "Pachelbel; Johann Christoph & Johann Michael Bach: Motetten/Motets," DHM 77305, Kathryn Jane Welter, "So ist denn dies der Tag: The Erbhuidigung of Prince Elector Carl Heinrich of Mainz" (lecture at the Eighth Annual Meeting of The Society for Seventeenth-Century Music, April 27-30, 2000), Johann Pachelbel's Contribution to Pre-Bach Organ Literature, Johann Pachelbel's biography at HOASM.org, https://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/p/index.php?title=Johann_Pachelbel&oldid=1074919, Art, music, literature, sports and leisure, Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike License, Thompson, Wendy, and Basil Smallman, "Pachelbel, Johann". Use because of meantone temperament text on this page is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License additional! 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