Philippine Folk Literature: An Anthology. Page 151-152. The Institutions of Maguindanao. The North American Review. Postma, A. The Kemetic Orthodoxy calendar lists Him as Heru-Sepa, or Horus-Who-is-Sepa, and as a son of Sekhmet. In Asian folklore, especially in that of the Vedda of Sri Lanka the peacock deserves a charm of praise since this bird kills centipedes and snakes.[3]. If youre going to do some weather divination and magic, consider bringing the woolly bear in. Philippine Sociological Review Vol. Madrid, 1895. San Buenaventura, Fr. pagan101 posted this. [8][9][10] There have been proposals to revitalize the indigenous Philippine folk religions and make them the national religion of the country during the First Philippine Republic, but the proposal did not prosper, as the focus at the time was the war against Spanish and, later, American colonizers.[11]. 1: The World and The Ways of the Ivatan Aitu. "9 Magical Insects and Their Folklore." Scarecrow Press. Sepa is considered to be a protector against poisonous bites and stings, which is a common attribute among deities of venomous creatures, including scorpions (Serqet) and snakes (Wadjet and others). Quezon City: Kalikasan Press. Labayo, C. C. (2019). Maranaw: Dwellers of the Lake. vii. 45, No. Lapulapu in Folk Tradition. Almendral, E. C. (1972). Mansaka Forms of Oral Literature. History of Ilocos, Volume 1. 4, Special Issue: Cebuano Literary Studies: Double Marginalization and Speaking Back: A Reading of Three Post-Colonial Texts. Cayat, G. C. Manuscript on Kalanguya Cultural Communities. WebNemty - Falcon god, worshipped in Middle Egypt, who appears in myth as a ferryman for greater gods. Manila: Impr. Encyclopedia of Giants and Humanoids in Myth, Legend and Folklore. University of San Carlos. "'Women are not brave enough' Semelai male midwives in the context of Southeast Asian cultures". La Solidaridad, Volume 5. 1978. Eugenio, D. L. (2007). Scott, William Henry (1994).Barangay: Sixteenth-century Philippine Culture and Society. San Buenaventura, Fr. Guadalupe Fores- Ganzon,Luis Maeru,Fundacin Santiago (Manila, Philippines). I'm not an expert in this stuff, but after a quick Google search, several sites wrote that butterflies are a sign of major, personal transformation. Paterno, M., Castro, S., Javellana, R., Alvina, C. (2001). Gianno, Rosemary (2004). Webdeities associated with centipedes. Ancient Beliefs and Customs of the Tagalogs. The Gods and Goddesses. Creation and Flood Myths in Philippine Folk Literature. Page 12. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Philippine Myths, Legends, and Folktales. WebThe centipede god Sepa is attested from the Old Kingdom right through to the Greco-Roman Period. National Commission for Culture and the Arts. Adlao: son of Dagat and Paros; joined Daga's rebellion and died; his body became the sun; Bulan: son of Dagat and Paros; joined Daga's rebellion and died; his body became the moon; Bitoon: daughter of Dagat and Paros; accidentally killed by Languit during a rage against his grandsons' rebellion; her shattered body became the stars, Unnamed God: a sun god who fell in love with the mortal, Rosa; refused to light the world until his father consented to their marriage; he afterwards visited Rosa, but forgetting to remove his powers over fire, he accidentally burned Rosa's whole village until nothing but hot springs remained, Magindang: the god of fishing who leads fishermen in getting a good fish catch through sounds and signs, Okot: the forest god whose whistle would lead hunters to their prey, Batala: a good god who battled against Kalaon, Son of Kalaon: son of Kalaon who defied his evil father's wishes, Onos: freed the great flood that changed the land's features, Oryol: a wily serpent who appeared as a beautiful maiden with a seductive voice; admired the hero Handyong's bravery and gallantry, leading her to aid the hero in clearing the region of beasts until peace came into the land, Baltog: the hero who slew the giant wild boar Tandayag, Handyong: the hero who cleared the land of beasts with the aid of Oryol; crafted the people's first laws, which created a period for a variety of human inventions, Bantong: the hero who single-handedly slew the half-man half-beast Rabot, Dinahong: the first potter; a pygmy who taught the people how to cook and make pottery, Ginantong: made the first plow, harrow, and other farming tools, Hablom: the inventor of the first weaving loom and bobbins, Kimantong: the first person to fashion the rudder called timon, the sail called layag, the plow called arado, the harrow called surod, the ganta and other measures, the roller, the yoke, the bolo, and the hoe, Sural: the first person to have thought of a syllabry; carved the first writing on a white rock-slab from Libong, Gapon: polished the rock-slab where the first writing was on, Takay: a lovely maiden who drowned during the great flood; transformed into the water hyacinth in Lake Bato, Rosa: a sun god's lover, who perished after the sun god accidentally burned her entire village, Malinay: a fearless girl who explored the forests and caves filled with spirits; known in the tale of the origin of bananas, Makapatag-Malaon: the supreme deity with both male and female aspect; the male aspect is Makapatag, the leveler who is fearful and destructive, while the female aspect is Malaon, the ancient understanding goddess, Badadum: a guide of the dead; gathers the souls of the newly dead to meet their relatives at the mouth of a river in the lower world, Hamorawan Lady: the deity of the Hamorawan spring in Borongan, who blesses the waters with healing properties, Berbinota: the beautiful goddess who rules the island of Biri, whose formations were made during the battle of the gods, Maka-andog: an epic giant-hero who was friends with the sea spirits and controlled wildlife and fish; first inhabitant and ruler of Samar who lived for five centuries; later immortalized as a deity of fishing, Rizal: a culture-hero who is prophesied to someday return to aid his people in their struggle, Igsabod: one of the 1011 giant siblings of Maka-andog; friends with the sea spirits, Paula Tomaribo: giant wife and, in some tales, the sibling of Maka-andog; in another tale, she was of Moro origin, Banogbarigos: brother of Maka-andog; became the first, Pagsabihon: one who punishes those who speak of him, Delbora: the one who kaingin farmers offer food; wife of Delalaman, Sanghid: wove cloth on a gold loom with supernatural speed; has the power to move back the sun, Mother of Maka-andog: a gigantic being whose head alone is as large as a hill; lived in Mt. Eugenio, D. L. (2002). Miller, J. M. (1904). University of the Philippines. North Atlantic Books, 2010. WebThe mayura named Citramekhala is associated with Saraswati, a deity representing benevolence, patience, kindness, compassion and knowledge. Umboh Tuhan: also called Umboh Dilaut, the god of the sea and one of the two supreme deities; married to Dayang Dayang Mangilai; Umboh: a term sometimes used to encompass Umboh, Saitan, and Jinn spirits, Umboh Payi: also called Umboh Gandum, the spirits of the first rice harvest, Sumang: spirit of sea vessels; the guardian who deflects attacks, Omboh Adam: later associated as the highest male spirit of dead ancestors due to Muslim influences; messenger of the supreme deity, Awa: later associated as the highest female spirit of dead ancestors dye to Muslim influences, Abak: the king of a people who inhabited Balabac; led his people's migration to Capul island, where their descendants now reside, This page was last edited on 24 January 2023, at 20:47. Someday, that caterpillar will wake up as a butterfly or moth and so, the caterpillar can be associated with any sort of transformative magic and ritual. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Banig: spirits of the hillsides and caves; Mun-apoh: deified ancestral spirits who are guardians and sources of blessings provided by the living; they are respected, however, their blessings could also be turned into a curse, Dadungut: divinities who dwell in graveyards and tombs, Makiubaya: divinities who watch over the gates of the village, Binudbud: spirits that are invoked during feasts to quell the passions of men, Kolkolibag: spirits who cause difficult labor, Hidit: divinities who give punishments to those that break taboos, Puok: a kind of Hidit who use winds to destroy the dwellings of miners that break taboos, Hipag: spirits of war that give soldiers courage on the field of war but are ferocious and cannibalistic, Llokesin: the god of rats who figures in the myth of the first orange tree, Bumabakal: the rejected corpse divinity of the skyworld; his dead body resides on top of Mount Dukutan, where his bodily fluids cause boils, Kabigat: the god who sent a deluge which flooded the earth; married to the goddess Bugan, Bugan: a goddess married to Kabigat; her children are a son named Wigan and a daughter also named Bugan, Bugan: daughter of Bugan and Kabigat; stranded on earth after the great deluge, and became one of the two ancestors of mankind, Wigan: son of Bugan and Kabigat; stranded on earth after the great deluge, and became one of the two ancestors of mankind, Dumagid: a god who lived among the people of Benguet; married a mortal woman named Dugai and had a son named Ovug, Ovug: son of Dumagid and Dugai; was cut in half by his father, where one of his halves was reanimated in the skyworld, and the other on earth; the voice of the skyworld's Ovug is the source of lightning and sharp thunder, while the voice of the earth's Ovug is the source of low thunder, Bangan: the god who accompanied Dumagid in claiming Ovug from the earth, Aninitud chalom: deity of the underworld, whose anger is manifested in a sudden shaking of the earth, Aninitud angachar: deity of the sky world; causes lightning and thunder when unsatisfied with offerings, Mapatar: the sun deity of the sky in charge of daylight, Bulan: the moon deity of the night in charge of nighttime, Milalabi: the star and constellation deities, Pinacheng: a group or class of deities usually living in caves, stones, creeks, rocks, and in every place; mislead and hide people, Fulor: a wood carved into an image of a dead person seated on a death chair; an antique which a spirit in it, who bring sickness, death, and unsuccessful crops when sacrifices are not offered, Inamah: a wooden plate and a home of spirits; destroying or selling it will put the family in danger, Dugai: the mortal mother of the split god Ovug; wife of the god Dumagid, Humidhid: the headman of a village in the upstream region of Daya who carved the first bulul statues from the haunted or supernatural tree named Bongbong, Unnamed Shaman: prayed to the deities, Nabulul and Bugan, to possess or live in the bulul statues carved by Humidhid, Wife of Namtogan: a mortal woman who the god Namtogan married when he stayed at the village of Ahin, Kabunyan: the almighty creator; also referred to as Agmattebew, the spirit who could not be seen; the mabaki ritual is held in the deity's honor during planting, harvesting, birth and death of the people, and other activities for livelihood, Lumawig: the supreme deity; creator of the universe and preserver of life, Bangan: the goddess of romance; a daughter of Bugan and Lumawig, Obban: the goddess of reproduction; a daughter of Bugan and Lumawig, Kabigat: one of the deities who contact mankind through spirits called anito and their ancestral spirits, Balitok: one of the deities who contact mankind through spirits called anito and their ancestral spirits, Wigan: one of the deities who contact mankind through spirits called anito and their ancestral spirits, Timugan: two brothers who took their sankah (handspades) and kayabang (baskets) and dug a hole into the lower world, Aduongan; interrupted by the deity Masaken; one of the two agreed to marry one of Masaken's daughters, but they both went back to earth when the found that the people of Aduongan were cannibals, Masaken: ruler of the underworld who interrupted the Timugan brothers. Cultural Center of the Philippines. The female sometimes eats her male partner after they mate, so many people associate the praying mantis with aggressive sexual power. Kabunian: supreme deity and chief among the high ranking deities above the skyworld; Afunijon: also a general term referred to the deities of heaven, which is also called Afunijon, Mah-nongan: also a general term for deities who are given animal sacrifices, Ampual: the god of the fourth skyworld who bestowed animals and plants on the people; controls the transplanting of rice, Bumingi: in charge of worms, one of the eleven beings importuned to stamp out rice pests. My Blog deities associated with centipedes Believe it or not, many insects are associated with a variety of magical properties from predicting the weather to communicating with the dead. Malay, P. C. (1957). Budge, E Wallis (1904) The Gods of the Egyptians, Faulkner Raymond (2000) The Egyptian Book of the Dead: The Book of Going Forth by DayPinch, Geraldine (2002) Handbook Egyptian Mythology, Wilkinson, Richard H. (2003) The Complete Gods and Goddesses of Ancient Egypt. Philippine Center for Advanced Studies. Seki, K. (2001). Gaioni, D. T. (1985). Marigondon; can level a mountain with a kick; one of the Mactan chieftains loyally allied to Datu Mangal, Umindig: chief of Bo. The centipede god Sepa is attested from the Old Kingdom right through to the Greco-Roman Period. Loyre, G. (1991). 8, No. Far Eastern University (1967). Philippine Studies Journal. Blumentritt, Ferdinand (1895). Reyes y Florentino, Isabelo de los (1909). Pinatubo and ruler of the eight rivers, Tl: the bright star, the one who introduced wet-rice culture, Munag Sumal: the golden serpent child of Aring Sinukuan; represents dawn, Lakandanup: son of Aring Sinukuan; the god of gluttony and represents the sun at noon time, Gatpanapun: son of Aring Sinukuan; the noble who only knew pleasure and represents the afternoon, Sisilim: child of Apng Malyari; she represents the dusk and is greeted by the songs of the cicada upon her arrival, Galur: winged assistant of Aring Sinukuan; a giant eagle and the bringer of storms, Nga: serpent deities known for their protective nature; their presence in structures are talismans against fire, Lakandanum: variant of the Naga, known to rule the waters, Lakandnup: serpent goddess who comes during total eclipses; followed by famine; eats a person's shadow, which will result in withering and death; daughter of ring Snukuan and Dpu, Dpu: crocodile deity who holds the earth on her back; a nunu or earth goddess, and known as the mother ocean, Lw: a giant creature similar to a mixture of a bird, a serpent, and a crocodile who seeks to swallow Ald and Blan; the soul of Dpu who does her bidding as Dpu has been weakened when her belly burst; in another, less common, version, Lw is the ghost of Dpu; while in another, Lw is the descendant of Dpu, seeking revenge for the deity's mother, Batl: kingfisher deity, known as the father sky; known as Salaksak, he was swallowed by Dpu, where he dissolved and his two souls came out, bursting out of Dpu's belly, Rizal: a culture-hero who will return through resurrection to aid his people in their struggle, Felipe Salvador: a hero who will someday return to the people to help them in their struggle; based on a historical person, Piriang: a prideful maiden who would rather marry a demon than a poor man, Guanchiango: a man who was deceived by a demon, who he released from a jar. The Philippine Islands, 1493-1898. patio homes for sale knoxville, tn; valentina lisitsa child Hares: If a hare crosses your path, it's bad luck. Two bright and positive crow-related deities are Bran Vendigeit (Bran the Blessed) and his sister Branwen (White Crow). Global ICCA Database: Igmalengen sacred forests of Portulin, Mindanao, Philippines. I am Osiris, for whom his father and mother sealed an agreement on that day of carrying out the great slaughter; Geb is my father and Nut is my mother, I am Horus the Elder on the Day of Accession, I am Anubis of Sepa, I am the Lord of. Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society. Quezon City: Rex Publishing Company. Washington: Catholic Anthropological Conference. 1991. Page 13. POTET, Jean-Paul G. (2016). Kayamanan: MaiPanoramas of Philippine Primeval. Philippine Folk Literature: The Myths Issue 2 of Philippine folk literature series. Boats to Burn: Bajo fishing activity in the Australian fishing zone. Sepa was usually represented as a mummy with the two antenna (or horns) of a centipede. Philippine Studies Vol. The Tingyans of Northern Philippines and Their Spirit World. An Account of Personhood, Identity and Bodily Knowledge amongst the Batak of Palawan Island (the Philippines). Living in Danger: Exploring the Culture of Disaster of the Ati Peoples in Bicol, Philippines. University of Manila Journal Of East Asiatic Studies, Volumes 7-8. Santiago, Luciano P. R. (2005). Bikols of the Philippines. Diccionario mitologico de Filipinas. The Bukidnon of Mindanao. Dancel, M. M. (1989). Vol. June 1, 2022. by decred block time. Limikid, B. University of Manila Journal Of East Asiatic Studies, Volumes 7-8. Reyes y Florentino, Isabelo de los. She is the author of Daily Spellbook for the Good Witch, Wicca Practical Magic and The Daily Spell Journal. The scarab, in some tales, represents Ra, the sun god, rolling the sun across the sky. Origin Myths Among the Mountain Peoples of the Philippines. US-China Education Review B, May 2016, Vol. Madrid, 1895. Pambid, Nenita D. (2000). Garcia, J. N. C. (2008). Philippine Folk Literature: The Legends. Relation of the Filipinas Islands. https://www.learnreligions.com/insect-magic-and-folklore-2562520 (accessed March 4, 2023). De Leon, A. M., Luangsa-ard, J. J., Karunarathna, S.C., Hyde, K.D., Reyes, R.G., dela Cruz, T.E.E. Madale, A. T. (1976). She sometimes acted as a judge in human affairs. WebA common centipede is the house centipede (S cutigera forceps), which is about 5 centimetres (2 inches) long and has 15 pairs of legs. Letter to Gregory XIII. 122123. Gaddang Literature. Borneo Research Bulletin. Philippine Folk Literature: The Folktales. CCP Encyclopedia of Philippine Art: Peoples of the Philippines. I am Anubis on the Day of the Centipede, I am the Bull who presides over the field. Filipino Heritage, I, 15. POTET, Jean-Paul G. (2016). Lulu Publishing. Yabes, L. Y. Andico, F. L. The Lowland Cultural Community of Pangasinan. Wisdom from a Rainforest: The Spiritual Journey of an Anthropologist. Write CSS OR LESS and hit save. Ethnographies of Conservation: Environmentalism and the Distribution of Priviledge. I Capul, siray pati inaanto / Capul, noon at ngayon: Ang kasaysayan ng palo ng Capul / Capul, before and now: a history of Capul Island. Laon: the supreme goddess and creator residing in Mount Kanlaon; governs the harvest, pestilence, and locusts; Makaako: the creator and the most powerful god, Pandaque: god who is given ritual offerings so that a soul of the deceased will not be taken by the gods responsible for torment in the afterlife. Religion and Society Among the Tagbanuas of Palawan Island, Philippines. 1/2: The Negritos as a Minority Group in the Philippines. 1/4: Causality, Power, and Cultural Traits of the Maguindanao. Philippine Quarterly of Culture and Society Vol. Lets look at some of the folklore, myths, and magic associated with fireflies. Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016). Quezon City: UP Press. Centro Escolar University Research and Development Center, 1969. Philippine Studies Vol. And since centipedes are so water-dependent, perhaps that partially explains Sepas link to the inundation: centipedes flourish as the flood courses through the land, providing them the essential moisture to thrive. 4: Death and After Death: Ivatan Beliefs and Practices. Unabia, C. C. (1986). Learn Religions. Buenabora, N. P. (1975). Jocano, F. L. (2000). Picardal Jr., E. B. Chal-chal: the god of the sun whose son's head was cut off by Kabigat; Kabigat: the goddess of the moon who cut of the head of Chal-chal's son; her action is the origin of headhunting, Son of Chal-chal: his head was cut off by Kabigat; revived by Chal-chal, who bear no ill will against Kabigat, Ob-Obanan: a deity whose white hair is inhabited by insects, ants, centipedes, and all the vermins that bother mankind; punished a man for his rudeness by giving him a basket filled with all the insects and reptiles in the world, Ked-Yem: the god of blacksmiths who cut off the heads of the two sons of Chacha because they were destroying his work; was later challenged by Chacha, which eventually led into a pechen pact to stop the fighting, Two Sons of Chacha: beheaded by Ked-Yem, because they were destroying his work, Fucan: younger of the two girls met by Lumawig in Lanao; married to Lumawig; later adopted the name Cayapon; died after dancing in a taboo way, which led to death being the norm among mortals, Two Sons of Cayapon: the two children of Lumawig and Fucan; helped the people of Caneo, who afterwards killed by the two brothers, Batanga: father of the two girls met by Lumawig in Lanao. Thomson Reuters Foundation News. Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.; reprint 1998. The Iloilo Zarzuela 19031930. Piccio, B. Philippine Sociological Society. Guadalupe Fores- Ganzon,Luis Maeru,Fundacin Santiago (Manila, Philippines). Ampuan, R. B., et al. Lulu.com, 2016. Religion of the Katipunan. Manila: Oriental Commercial Company. Philippine Short Stories. Maka-andog: A Reconstructed Myth from Eastern Samar, Philippines. Vanoverbergh, M. (1941). Dictionary Yakan Pilipino English. University of Santo Tomas., 2002. Fansler, D. S. (1922). Filipino Heritage: The metal age in the Philippines (1977). Chicago: A.C. McClurg and Co. Lambrecht, F. H. (1981). Loarca, Miguel de. Indigenous paraplegic divinity: The story of Namtogan. This site uses functional cookies and external scripts to improve your experience. Ambrosio, D. K. (2013). The Mansaka. Holy Angel University. Madrid, 1895. (1582) 1903. Bacwaden, J. O. C. (1997). Manila. Madrid, 1895. Coolabah, 3. CABI. "9 Magical Insects and Their Folklore." (1994). Rahmann, R. (1974). Is there something troubling you that you cant quite get a handle on? Philippine Folk Tales . University of Manila Journal of East Asiatic Studies, Volumes 5-6. A. La religin antigua de los Filipinos. Dua Sepa! University of the Philippines Press. Ramirez y Giraudier, 1860. Peasants in the Hills: A Study of the Dynamics of Social Change Among the Buhid Swidden Cultivators in the Philippines. National Teacher's College. Vocabulario de la lengua Tagala. Blumentritt, Ferdinand (1895). University of Manila., 1956. University of Manila., 1958. The Journal of American Folklore. Reyes y Florentino, Isabelo de los (1909). Ibo, a champion wrestler; one of the Mactan chieftains loyally allied to Datu Mangal, Sagpang-Baha: also called Sampong-Baha; can slap back an onrushing flood; one of the Mactan chieftains loyally allied to Datu Mangal, Bugto-Pasan: can snap the sturdiest vines with his hands; one of the Mactan chieftains loyally allied to Datu Mangal, Silyo: a chief who borrowed an amulet from Datu Mangal; he never returned the amulet and was caught by Datu Mangal fleeing; was turned into a stone along with his crew by Datu Mangal through a curse; before turning a stone completely, he also uttered a curse to turn Datu Mangal into stone; another tale tells that Matang Mataunas and Malingin were also turned into stone, Horned Presidente: a presidente of a town who wanted to continue controlling the people so he wished for horns to frighten them; his wish backfired, with the people withdrawing their support, which later led to his death, Magwala: also called Magdili, the supreme spirit, Abog: chief herdsman of wild pigs and deer; the daga or diwata ritual is offered to invite the herdsmen spirits, headed by Abog, Spirits of the Forest: the first-fruits sacrifices of the hunt are offered to them through bits of meat, which would bring good luck to the people, Taglugar: also called Tagapuyo; spirits inhabiting certain places, Polpulan: father of Marikudo, and chief of Panay before the ascension of his son, Marikudo: the ruler of Panay who welcomed the ten Bornean datus, who settled on the island through discussions with Marikudo and his people; married to Maniuantiuan and recognized by the ten Bornean datus as their ruler, Maniuantiuan: the beautiful and graceful wife of Marikudo and an excellent negotiator; came from a commoner family. World History Encyclopedia. Noceda, Juan Jos de & Sanlucar,Pedro de (1754). The Philippines: A Unique Nation. Page 378. Lacson, T.; Gamos, A. 5, No. Alacacin, C. (1952). Sulod Society. The ancient Egyptians could see that insects attacked dead bodies, but centipedes fed on the insects and so they concluded that the centipedes protected the dead. Ateneo de Manila University. Native races and their customs. On January 14th we honor Sepa, the Centipede God. The list does not include creatures; for these, see list of Philippine mythological creatures. Page 22-23. Let's look at some of the ways people have incorporated insects into their magical practice throughout the ages, as well as specific insects and their folklore and legends. Madale, A. In F. Demetrio (Ed.). Garuda is believed to be a vahana (conveyance) of Vishnu, one of the Trimurti. Kelly, P. (2016). University of California Publications in American Archaeology, 227353. Philippine Studies: Vol. [citation needed]. English Translation published by University of Michigan. H. Roldan, 1832. Die Negrito Asiens. Dig into the soil in your garden, and chances are that if the dirt is healthy, it will be chock full of earthworms. Maragtas. With contributions by E. Arsenio Manuel. The Philippine Islands, 14931898: Volume XXXII, 1640. Page 192. He was sometimes referred to as the centipede of Horus but was also closely associated with Osiris. Centipedes freak me right the hell out, so why not start with their god? Yasuda, S., Razaq Raj, R., Griffin, K. A. Martinez-Juan, M. C. (2003). Blair, Helen Emma & Robetson, James Alexander. F. Landa Jocano. (1974). Gugurang: the supreme god; causes the pit of Mayon volcano to rumble when he is displeased; cut Mt. Mama Guayen: a god that carries the souls of the dead in a boat to the ends of the earth; Sumpoy: god who guides the soul toward a very high mountain, Sisiburanen: the god who rules the mountain where Sumpoy drops off the souls of the dead, Mangalos: the spirits who eat the insides of children; takes away young lives, Hangin: the spirits of the death wind; takes the life of the elderly, Sitaho: also called Sibo Malabag; the god of the early migrants from Borneo, Estrella Bangotbanwa: deified shaman from the 19th century, Canla and Ona: the couple hidden under a clod of earth thrown down by the god Lalaon as punishment to the people who showed malice towards the couple; said to go forth onto the world only after the people become good and envy in the world disappear, Hari-sa-Boqued: an emissary of Canla and Ona; Mount Canlaon is said to burst whenever word has been sent from Canla and Ona to Hair-sa-Baqued, asking if the people have become good and envy is no longer in this world; in other versions, he is also a king of a prosperous kingdom, where his followers are humans, but in one case, he also has loyal dwarfs as followers; disallowed the people from planting tobacco near the summit, but was disobeyed, resulting in an eruption, Maniuantiuan: the beautiful and graceful wife of Marikudo who negotiated with Pinampang; came from a commoner family, Mambusay: son of Marikudo who first spoke with the ten Bornean datus and hear their plea, Makatunao: a tyrant ruler whose actions forced the ten Bornean datus to flee to Panay, Puti: the leader of the ten Bornean datus who fled to Panay; returned to Borneo and fought Makatunao, Pinampang: wife of Puti who negotiated with Maniusntiuan, Bankaya: one of the ten Bornean datus; settled at Aklan, Sumakuel: one of the ten Bornean datus; settled at Hamtik, Paiburong: one of the ten Bornean datus; settled at Irong-Irong, Horned Presidente: a presidente of a town who yearned to have more power to control the people; he wished for horns to frighten his constituents, which instead led to the people withdrawing their support; died while still wanting to keep his power, Laon: the supreme deity; a goddess said to reside in the mountain at the neighboring island of Negros, Bulalakaw: a bird god who looks like a peacock and can cause illnesses; lives in, Bangutbanwa: ensures good harvests and an orderly universe, Mangindalon: intercedes for sick persons; punishes enemies, Soliran: one of two performers of the marriage ceremonies, Solian: one of two performers of the marriage ceremonies, Tungkung Langit: the god of the sky who brings famine, drought, storms, and floods, Lulid-Batang: the god of the earth, responsible for earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, Linting Habughabug: the god of lightning, whose look kills people and who shouts in anger, Launsina: the goddess of the sun, moon, stars, and seas, and the most beloved because people seek forgiveness from her, Burigadang Pada Sinaklang Bulawan: the goddess of greed to whom people pray when they want to get rich, Saragnayan: the god of darkness who has the power to replace brightness with darkness, Lubay-lubyuk Hanginun si Mahuyuk-huyukun: the goddess of the evening breeze; cools people, especially during the summer, Suklang Malayun: the guardian of happy homes.